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E. E. CHERRY.

CAPSTAN AND SHEAVE BLOCK.

APPLICATION FILED APR.22. 1914.

"Patented June 24, 1919.

(INKTED TATES PATENT @FFIQE- EDWARD E. CHERRY. OF TRENTON'. NEW JERSEY. ASSIGNOR OF ONE-THIRD 'IO WAGER FISHER, OF PHILAIl'JELPI-IIA. PENNSYLVANIA, AND ONE-THIRD 'IO LOUIS E.

LAURENT, OF NEW YORK, -N. Y.

. CAPSTAN Ann SHEAVE BLOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 24, 1919,

Application filed April .22, 1914. Serial No. 833,606.

it is supported so as to keep the axis of the I capstan perpendicular to the line of strain and, where a sheave or sheaves are used upon the capstan block or connected with it, to *aline thefloating sheave or sheaves.

with the capstan.

A further purpose of my invention is to form a floating capstan and sheave combination with the parts supported from a single point and with the capstan in tandem with the sheave or pair of sheaves used.

A. further purpose of-my invention is to provide lateral movement of a pulley wheel as a means for making it accessible to thread rope into it and to provide for its retention in position against accidental side movement.

ii further purpose of my invention is to retain a pulley wheel against accidental side movement by pivoted means and to lock it in position by a member cooperating with becket or rope guide.

A further pur iose of my invention is to place a pair of slieaves in tandem and permit iusertionof rope to these wheels at any part of the length of the rope, as by side movement of the sheaves, preferably using the pair with a sheave and capstan similarly in tandem.

' A; further purpose of my invention is to provide a. rigid retaining device for a pair of sheave blocks'to remove-the strain from the rope between.

A further purpose of my invention is to use a guide for a floating capstan'to maintain the line of strain upon the same at the most advantageous point on the capstan.

A further purpose of my invention is to undercut a capstan ratchet and correspondingly shape the pawl tocause the ratchet to draw the pawl into engagement with the ratchet teeth.

While appreciating that my invention may be embodied in many other forms than those shown by me, I have selected the several illustrations shown as not only practical, eihcient and inexpensive but as presenting the principles. of my invention in the best form now known to me.

Figure l is a broken front elevation of a floatlng capstan embodying one term of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the structure seen in Fig. 1. f

Fig. 3 is a partial section of Fig; 1, taken upon line 33 thereoflwith capstan parts removed and showing the lower part of the device only.

F ig. at is a broken front elevation Qfthe structureof Fig. 1 in tandem connection with a sheave block and with another sheave block supported therefrom.

Fig. 5 is a broken side elevation of the structure of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a front elevation of a capstan block similar to that of Fig. 1 in permanent tandem connection with a sheave and roped up With a sheave block having tandem sheaves.

Figs. 7 and 8 are sections, taken through the sheaves, capstan, rope and guards only,"

upon lines 7 7 and 8-8.respectively,;of Fig. 6, the rope and chain being removed and the remaining parts being in elevation. Similar numerals of' reference indicate likeparts. I

In the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2, I indicate a capstan block adapted to be used .vvithou't any sheaves and capable of direct use for pulls requiring comparatively little strength, such for example as stretching fence sections.

In thesethe capstan l is connected with the body 9.. and handle 3 by ratchet connectioiis'liereinafter more fully describedand illustrated in Fig. 7. The body is provided with a spindle 4 upon which the capstan ismounted.

- It is desirable that'the capstan may be suitably floated in the air while the rope is being arranged for use and when-in use, with the line of strain represented bythe direction of the rope at 5 in a plane perpendicular to the spindles and that it may be maintained in this position with some rigidity when the handle 3 is operated. For these purposes I project the point ofsupport of the part2 to a considerable distancefrom the axis of the spindle 4:, namely to at the point where the rope is received, 2'. e.

' the receiving portion of. the surface, resistingend-for-end rocking-of the capstan by reason'of the operation of the handle.

As the coils of rope are Wound upon the capstan they slide down its curved surface as at 9 and re-arrange themselves continuously and progressively, substantially as shown in Fig. 2. Substantially the same portion of the length of the drum surface is constantly receiving the rope as the latter is drawn in and this portion of the surface is referred 'to by me as the receiving surface. The end-1O of the rope is held taut to maintain the gripof the rope upon the I capstan drum.

To assist in fixing the position of the rope as it is led into the capstan, I provide a guide comprising outwardly extending arms 11, 12, laterally turned in opposite directions at 13, 14 to provide a passage between which I prefer to extend in a lateral direction, transversely to the rope and parallel to the'base of the capstan, sufficiently so that the ro-pe within may pass through in a direction tangent to the surface of the capstan in all of the intended directions of rope strain. 7

It will be seen that the guard or guide provided permits insertion of the rope sidewise by passing it to one side of the one pin and tothe other side of the other pin.

Upon the end of the frame 2 farthest mm the hook 7, I provide a becket 15 by w; iichmy capstan block and hook as a unit may be united to a rope or form a combination with a sheave block, as in Figs. 4L and 5. I for'm openings 16 and 17 at any suitable point in the hook member to afford connection with other parts similar to that, forexample, seen in Fig. 6.

In Figs. 4 and 5 a pair of double sheave blocks and hooks are united to my capstan block in such a way as to make the capstan act with one or more sheaves in anew combination to form a tandem capstan and sheave unit. The manner in which a tandem capstan and sheave may operate with a double sheave block in which the sheaves are preferably in tandem, is seen in Fig. 6.

In Figs. 4 and 5 the double sheave block 18, is connected with the becket by a hook 19 and the rope is passed about one sheave of the double sheave block 20 then about one sheave of the block 18, then about the second sheaves of blocks 20 and. 18 in turn and secured to the becket 21. The hook 22 is adapted for engagement with the load.

Obviously, the operation of the floating capstan in tandem with pairs of sheave capstan and nearer sheave or sheaves of such d mensions that the rope passing to the receiving surface of the capstan is clear of the rope passing about the sheaves and this can be accomplished by making the capstan at the point at which it is engaged by the rope slightly larger than the pulley.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 4 and 5 the greater strain will lie-in the direction of the line joining the two pulley blocks and the composite line of strain will differ In order to balance the parts, I have preferred to. place the but little from this.

becket 15 in such position that the line 23 indicating the axis of the rope under strain in Fig. 1 and the line 23 passing through the center of the becket and transversely through the axis line of the capstan shall meet approximately at the point 6 where the hook is adapted to receive the strain.

In Fig. 6 I have shown the floating capstan member as comprising a frame 2 connectedwith a hook member 7 at one end and a becket member 15 at the other, carrying' precisely the same capstan equipment as in Fig. 2 and a sheave2i in tandem with the capstan and smaller than it.

' Describing the ratchet capstan now more particularly, the drum 1 is recessed at 25 to receive an annular row of ratchet teeth 26 mounted upon the frame.- These teeth faces 34 of ratchet teeth 35, annularly arranged about the face ofthe handle .3 around a circle whose center is the pin 4.

I find that there is no necessity for keying these pawls 'to prevent rotation of the pawls themselves as the coaction of the top rake ofeach of the pawls with thennder cut faces of the ratchet teeth and the co action of the faces 36 of the pawls with the correspondingly sloped faces of the ratchet teeth hold the pawls in position.

The same spring 31 presses both pawls- 29 and 32 totheir duty, the back of each pawl forming an abutment for exerting pressure against the other.

The sheave 24-is mounted upon apin or spindle 37 secured at 37 and is guarded to prevent accidental displacement of the rope by a preferably arcedrib 38. The sheave is smaller than the receiving portion of the a surface of the capstan drum so that the portions of the rope 5 and 40 may not engage.

The sheave wheel 24 is laterally movable, longitudinally of the spindle'37 so as to be free from the guard 38, permitting placement or removal of the rope and is held against accidentallateral movement by a stop v4l'which maybe pivoted at any suitable point, as 42, andretained by a split pin 43, passing through openings in it and i tai-ned in position; It is extended laterally in the form of an arm which is formed into a hook- 46 oppositely turned from the hook 47. The two hooks coeperate to form the becket 15'. The hook 47 is grooved at 48 in the formof an arc to receive the preferably lighter hook'46 so that no strain transversely to the spindle -37 will be brought-to bear upon the hpok'46. The

' two hooks, however, together afford a separable closure for the becket which cannot be relieved except when the strain is removed and the attached rope has been turned to a point upon the one hook where it will be free from the other, permitting movement of the .-arm, 45.- The closure of the becket in this manner also afiords protection agains-taccidental or careless release of thesheave 24. v v

The body 48 (Figs. 6 and 8) forms. a floating mount for two spindles 49and 50 upon which two sheaves 51 and 52- aremounted and are laterally movable except as they are held by stops. These sheaves are protected by, preferably arced guards 53, 54 when in place, to prevent" the rope from accidental disengage,ment; and the wheels are so proportioned that the rope from the larger'sheaveruns outside of the rope for the smaller one, giving tandem .arrangement of the sheaves without interference of the ropes.

I provide the body with a supporting hook 55 which is laterally displaced at 56 from. the body to bring the line of support in line with the tandem wheels, and at the opposite end provide a becket- Whichis similar to becket 15 and is similarly displaced at 57 to bring. It comit i n line with the tandem wheels.

prises a hook member 58 turnedin one direction and recessed M 59 to receive laterally a hook member 60 turned in the op osite direc tion' and carried by the end of ocking arm 61. -This arm is pivoted at 62 so as toengage the washer 63 byits heel'64. It is retained in place by a split pin 65 and is also additionby the rope passing through the ally held becket.

' The washer 66 is held inpla'ce against the sheave 51- by a locking ar1n 6f7,.which is-piv-- oted at 68 andv engages the washer by means of its heel 69. This arm' 67 is retained by' the same split pin 65 as that which engages with washer 63 to retain sheave 52.

I contemplate applying my capstan sets to the handling of' boats. hun from ship davits among other uses and or this purpose I relieve the ropes of the strain under normalconditions by separate support-of the lower block from the upper block, as

use. when they may be handled readily and safely by one operator 1t each davit, lifting the boats first sufficiently to release the chain. I

It will be obvious that the strain may be f maintained in linepwith the sheaves and with that portion of the length of the capstan drum upon' which the rope is wound, avoiding unbalancing strains. 5

It will be evident that the use of a continuous opening for my two' pawls reduces the expense at the same time that it is more convenient in operation andis more easily and effectively cleaned. The undercutting of the ratchetteeth and corresponding shape of the pawl tends to draw the pawl into the ratchet instead of tending to force it out of the ratchet, thus avoiding one-of the fruitful sources of slipping .in ratchet work.

It will be further-evident that th sheaves may be easily and quickly displaced laterally so that the ropemay be fed about them at any point in its length and that the rope may beconnected directly from the capstan 'or over any..desired arrangement of sheaves iizo effected, whether single or multiple blocks be utilized and whether a multiple block used have the sheaves in tandem or in parallel arrangement.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire'to secure by Letters Patent is r 1. In a device of the character stated, a body portion, a hook at one end thereof a capstan and a sheave uponthe body por tion in tandem relation, the capstan being larger than the sheave and nearer the hook than the sheave, a circumferential guard for the sheave adapted to protect a rope upon the sheave from interference by a rope upon the capstan, and operating means for the capstan, v l

.2; In a device of the character stated, a pulley block body, a sheave thereon, a capstan mounted on one side of the sheave with the rope-receiving portion of its body in tandem arrangement with the sheave, a circumferential. guard for the sheave between the sheave and capstan extending to the sides of the sheave and a hook in tandem arrangement with the capstan and sheave and upon the opposite side" of said sheave from the capstan.

3. In a device of the character stated, a

' body portion, an annularly arranged ratchet on the side face thereof, a spindle mounted in the center of-the annulus, a capstan drum upon the spindle and having a passage throughout its length substantially parallel to the spindle, a handle rotatable about the axis of the spindle, an annularly arranged ratchet upon the handle, facing the drum, a pair of pawls resting in opposite ends of the passage through thedrum, adapted to positively engage the ratchets, and a common spring for the pawls located between them. 4:. In a device of the character stated, a floating body portion having undercut ratchet face teeth annularly disposed about one side face thereof, a spindle'mounted in the center of the annulus, acapstan drum upon the spindle having a passage extending within the drum parallel to the spindle, means for turning the drum and a springpressed pawl movable longitudinally in the passage, supported thereby against transverse strains, and having the end of its engaging face projected laterally at the front as compared with a perpendicular to the plane of the annulus to fit the undercut of the ratchet teeth.

EDVVABD E. CHERRY. Witnesses:

WM. S'rnnm, JACKSON, WVM. HAnmsoN' SMITH. 

